Agedunotes

Transduction Transduction is an event in which bacteriophages function as vectors/ vehicles to transfer of DNA from donor bacteria to recipient bacteria.   Transfer of bacterial genes by phage was discovered by Zinder and   Lederberg in 1952 in Salmonella typhimurium. Transduction   mechanism is occur in two ways. 1. Generalized transduction 2. Specialized transduction The bacteriophage containing the bacterial DNA of donor is called   transfusing phage. Bacteriophages are two types. i) Virulent phage: Virulent phage follow lytic cycle capable of causing   bacterial infection and eventually destruction and death of bacterial   cell e. g. T4 Phage ii) Temperate phage: Phage does not cause disruptic infection instead   phage DNA incorporated into bacterial DNA and replicate Lysogenic   and after sometime become virulent cause lysis. e. g. λ phage   1. Generalized transduction: In generalised transduction, a DNA   fragment is transferred fr...

LIST OF PESTICIDES WHICH ARE  BANNED,REFUSED REGISTRATION AND RESTRICTED IN USE:  (As on 01.01.2021)   I. PESTICIDES / FORMULATIONS BANNED IN INDIA   A. Pesticides Banned for manufacture, import and use .   1. Alachlor(Vide S.O. 3951(E), dated 08.08.2018)   2. Aldicarb (vide S.O. 682 (E) dated 17th July2001)   3. Aldrin   4. Benzene Hexachloride   5. Benomyl (vide S.O 3951(E) dated 8th August, 2018)   6. Calcium Cyanide   7. Carbaryl (vide S.O 3951(E) dated 8th August, 2018)   8. Chlorbenzilate (vide S.O. 682 (E) dated 17th July 2001)   9. Chlordane   10. Chlorofenvinphos   11. Copper Acetoarsenite   12. Diazinon (vide S.O 3951(E) dated 8th August, 2018)   13. Dibromochloropropane (DBCP) (vide S.O. 569 (E) dated 25th July1989)   14. Dichlorovos(Vide S.O. 3951(E), dated 08.08.2018)   15. Dieldrin (vide S.O. 682 (E) dated 17th July 2001)   16. Endosulfron (vide ad-Interim order of the Su...

  AGR — 211:  Crop Production Technology-I (Kharif Crops)                            Ground nut     Importance:  The word ‘Arachis  hypogaea’  has been derived  from the Greek word  ‘Arachis’ meaning legume  and   ‘hypogea’  meaning  below  ground.  Groundnut  also  known  as  earth  nut,  peanut, monkey  nut   and Manila  nut  is  the  most  important  oilseed crop  in India.  it is  cultivated  for  its  kernels (seeds) which are rich in oil (40 to 45%) and protein (18 to 26%). Groundnut  is primarily  used  in  manufacturing  of  vegetable  oil.  Groundnut  kernel  as  a whole is highly digestible and concentrated food which supplies 5.8 calories per gram. Biological value of g...

  Seeds and Sowing   B.Sc Agriculture 1st semester notes(Agronomy, AGR-111) Based on ICAR 5th Dean Plants reproduce sexually by seeds and asexually by vegetative parts. Good quality planting material is prerequisite to profitable crop production. The seed or planting material largely determines the quality and quantity of the produce because it is the basic source of genetic material of the crop. Seed Botanically, seed may be defined as a fertilized ovule consisting of intact embryo, endosperm (stored food) and seed coat which is viable and has got the capacity to germinate. Endosperm is the storage organ for food substance that nourishes the embryo during itsdevelopment. Seed coat is the outer cover that protects or shields the embryo and endosperm. Agronomically, seed may be defined as any planting material which is used for further propagation of the plant thus the agronomic definition of seed includes sugarcane sets, potato tubers and rooted slips of Napier grass. ...

  Tillage and Tilth B.Sc Agriculture 1st semester notes(Agronomy, AGR-111)  Based on ICAR 5th Dean TILLAGE The word tillage is derived from the anglo-saxon (cultural group which inhabited England from the 5 "century) words ‘tilian’ or ‘teolian’ meanng ‘to plough and prepare soil for seed to sow, to cultivate and to raise crops’. Jethrotull, who is considered as father of tillage suggested that thorough ploughing is necessary so as to make the soil into fine particles. Tillage refers to the mechanical manipulation of soil to provide favourable condition for crop production. It breaks the compact surface of earth to certain depth and loosens the soil mass so that roots of the crop penetrate and spread into the soil. This includes ploughing, harrowing, mechanical destruction of weeds and breaking of soil crust. Tilth: Tilth is the physical condition of soil obtained out of tillage (or) it is the result of tillage. The tilth may be a coarse tilth, fine tilth or moderate ti...